Prepare the chicken broth in a large pot. Add the ginger and bring the broth to a boil over high heat. Then reduce the heat to medium and simmer for 10 minutes.
Add the coconut milk and return to a simmer. Transfer the sliced chicken and shrimp into the broth and cook until fully cooked, approximately 3 minutes.
Slowly stir in the fish sauce and sugar. Then add the Thai chilies, lime juice, bean sprouts, and 1/2 cup of fresh cilantro leaves. Stir in the fresh rice noodles and serve immediately.
Garnish the noodles with the remaining 1/4 cup of fresh cilantro leaves.